It is a rather curious fact in philosophy that the data which are
undeniable to start with are always rather vague and ambiguous. You can,
for instance, say: “There are a number of people in this room at this
moment.” That is obviously in some sense undeniable. But when you come
to try and define what this room is, and what it is for a person to be
in a room, and how you are going to distinguish one person from another,
and so forth, you find that what you have said is most fearfully vague
and that you really do not know what you meant. Russell, Bertrand. 1986. The Philosophy of logical
atomism: and other essays 1914-19i. Édité par John Greer Slater.
The collected papers of Bertrand Russell 8. G. Allen; Unwin.
…nous ne
savons presque jamais de quoi nous parlons…
Science is knowledge which we understand so well that we can teach it
to a computer; and if we don’t fully understand something, it is an art
to deal with it. Since the notion of an algorithm or a computer program
provides us with an extremely useful test for the depth of our knowledge
about any given subject, the process of going from an art to a science
means that we learn how to automate something.
[…] the greater potential is for computers as modeling machines,
not knowledge jukeboxes. McCarty, Willard.
2005. Humanities Computing. Paperback edition. Palgrave
Macmillan.
La
réponse est donc : le modèle!
Mais qu’est-ce qu’un
modèle?
modèle représentationnel
fonctionnel
physique
ou
alors…
Double fente
Thomas Young, 1801: is the light a wave or a set of particles?
Bohr argued that if we were to perform a two-slit experiment with a
which-path device (which can be used to determine which slit each
electron goes through on its way to the detecting screen), we would find
that the interference pattern is destroyed. That is, if a measurement is
made that identifies the electron as a particle, as is the case when we
use a which-path detector, then the result will be a particle pattern,
not the wave pattern that results when the original unmodified two-slit
apparatus is used. Karen Barad, Meeting the
Universe halfway, p. 103
Les concepts sont des arrangement
physiques spécifiques
Bohr’s argument for the indeterminable nature of measurement
interactions is based on his insight that concepts are defined by the
circumstances required for their measurement. That is, theoretical
concepts are not ideational in character; they are specific physical
arrangements. Karen Barad, Meeting the Universe
halfway, p. 109
Heisenberg vs Bohr
Incertitude vs indétermination
Le
modèle est une configuration matérielle spécifique
Le modèle est la matérialité des concepts
Le modèle n’est pas une représentation du réel.
En dehors du modèle, il n’y a pas une réalité plus “réelle” mais
insaisissable, mais juste une réalité indéterminée.